BIO120H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Carl Correns, Selective Breeding, Hugo De Vries

19 views2 pages
9 Nov 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
shdhhfhshhpla3806 and 40102 others unlocked
BIO120H1 Full Course Notes
36
BIO120H1 Full Course Notes
Verified Note
36 documents

Document Summary

Heredity- resembling more of their parents than unrelated individuals. Darwin had no understanding of genetics & mechanism of inheritance. Genome- entire dna with both genes and non-coding regions. Gene- functional unit on inheritance, unit of hereditary info in the chromosomes, dna is composed of codons (3 nucleotides makes a code) Genetic variation- mutation, recombiniton, gene flow, hybridization. Genetic variability through sexual reproduction around the genome. Mutation- change in dna = change of genotype. Mcclintock- discovery of jumping genes/ mobile genetic elements is maize = dna moves. Neutral- have no effect, deleterious- reduce fitness, lethal-(homozygous)affect lives, beneficial- can succeed within the environment: their fitness effects depend on their environment. Unstoppable- despite cellular mechanisms to correct errors during dna repli. Not directed by the organism or the environment- random with respect of fitness. Environmental insults affect mutation rate- mutagens, high temp etc rates- variable across different genes. Point mutations, insertions/ deletions (jumoing genes), changes in repeat number,