BIO120H1 Lecture : Notes taken during lecture

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13 Jan 2011
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BIO120H1 Full Course Notes
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BIO120H1 Full Course Notes
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47 water, urea, glycerol not completely. 48 all ions cannot pass through membrane; tiny bit and very slow diffusion of large uncharged polar molecules. Uniqueness in cell membranes in transport proteins, also in cells. Against concentration gradient active transport need energy, in form of atp or secondary transport. 51 net negative charge inside; net positive outside due to concentration of ions. First positively charged from high to low concentration. Second electrical potential gradient determines rate of movement positive charges repelled by exterior positive charges, attracted to the negative charges increase transport of molecules across membrane. Third membrane potential switched positive charges attracted to negative charges outside. 52 electrochemical gradient first three moving down gradient (facilitated ) When charged molecules involved, use electrochemical gradient always. Active transport and facilitated diffusion all need protein transporers. Passive transport with the gradient; active goes against gradient (both gradient) Yes; no -> concentration + membrane potential ---- this is typical test question.

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