BIO120H1 Lecture 4: Neo Darwinism and the Evolutionary Significance of Genetic Variation

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16 Oct 2015
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BIO120H1 Full Course Notes
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BIO120H1 Full Course Notes
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Bio120 lecture 4 neodarwinism and the evolutionary significance of genetic. Darwin: darwin at the time didn"t know anything about genetics and inheritance mechanisms, his theory of evolution depended on 3 requirements. Variation (genetics: there must be variation among individuals in a population. Heredity (genetics: children resemble their parents, passed on genes. Selection (ecology: certain forms are better at surviving and mating than others in a particular environment, darwin believed in blending inheritance (which was false) Jumping genes, transposable genetic elements of maize: arise by mutation, can move around the genome, aka transposable genetic elements. 1:2:1 genotypic ratio: mendelian genetics = phenotypes controlled by 2 alleles, one dominant and one recessive, and only a single gene locus. Genotype: genetic constitution of an organism, e. g. Phenotype: observed, traits of an organisms, or a varying feature of the organism, phenotype = genes x environment, genes combined with environmental influences determines what phenotype is expressed. Genome: entire organisms"s dna, includes genes and non-coding regions.