BIO130H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Reverse Transcriptase, Telomerase, Dna Replication

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Telomerase to the rescue: the repetitive sequence that is added to the 3" end of the parental strand is determined by the rna template in telomerase. It"s not a very long sequence but it generates g rich sequences. Telomere replication: rna template, resembles reverse transcriptase, transcriptase makes dna from rna template, generates g-rich ends, adds nucleotides to 3" ends of parental strand template. The winding problem: as helicases is opened to replicate dna, supercoiling and torsional strain increases, problem in circular chromosomes and large linear eukaryotic chromosomes. It takes the t segment (transfer) into the loop: the g segment (gate) is cut in two halves in order to allow the t segment to pass through, the strand is released, and the g segment is resealed. Dna proofreading: 2 mechanisms, 3" 5" exonuclease, happens right away by dna polymerase, strand-directed mismatch pair, during dna replication but after the dna polymerase is gone by.

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