BIO130H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Topoisomerase, Ribosomal Rna, Retrotransposon
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BIO130H1 Full Course Notes
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Lecture outline: genomes, bacterial dna packaging, introduction to eukaryotic dna packaging. Approximately 65% neanderthal genomes obtained from ancient dna samples. Problems encountered: contaminations through the time and in the lab. Approximately 1~4% of dna from anatomically modern europeans and asians may have originated from neanderthals. Much of this neanderthals derived dna relates to immune functions. One maternal + one paternal genome = you. 10-50 kbases (1 kb = 1000 base pairs) E. g. plasmids: small, circular pieces of dna that can replicate at different time. Mitochondrial genome is small because the genes that used to occupy it are now in the nucleus (same with chloroplasts) Mitochondria seng signal to nucleus, things then get made. Advances in automated sequencing have made possible the sequencing of many genomes. Prokaryotic genomes in hours, eukaryotic genomes in days. Larger genomes is not equivalent to more genes!! It does not indicate the complexity of the organisms either.
