BIO130H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Naegleria, Genome Size, Dna Supercoil
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BIO130H1 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
Neanderthal: we have sequenced approximately 65% from fossils, 1-4% of human dna from. Europe and asia can be neanderthal, most is related to immune functions (allergies, defense to pathogens), dna could be contaminated quite easily. Genome sizes: humans have 3,000,000 kb, virus (phage) have 10-50 kb, bacterial chromosome have 4600 kb, plasmid dna have 1-1000 kb (replicate autonomously, where antibiotic resistant genes resides) Naegleria fowleri: causes terrible brain defect, fatal, may look simple, but had 30 million base pairs, even structurally simple organisms can do a lot of damage. Complexity: organisms complexity and size are not reflected in genome size. Human genome: 1. 5% of genome encodes proteins, 50% of genome is repeated. Comparative genomes: large stretches of gene sequences that are conserved (not changed for many years) between chimps and humans, these studies have a large range of benefits, to be conserved, it has to be an important genome.
