BIO130H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Uracil, Cell Nucleus, Nucleotide

• School: UTSG
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIO130H1
• Professor: Kenneth Yip

Document Summary

Tree of life shows the relationship between the 3 domains of life (eubacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes) Eubacteria and archaea are prokaryotes: prokaryotic cells have no nuclei and are mostly single celled, archaea are located at extreme environments. 1 methanococcus found in hydrothermal vents @ bottom of ocean. 2 methanothermobacter found in cow stomachs (anaerobic, low ph levels: eubacteria. 1 e. coli (model organism) found in human gut. Eukaryotic cells have nuclei and can single celled or multicellular: eukaryotes. 1 giadia- contaminate of drinking water (causes diarrhea) Endomembranes = nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, vesicles, cell membrane. Nucleoid irregularly shaped region within cell that has genetic material without nuclear membrane. Endosymbiotic theory: evidence: several key organelles of eukaryote were originated by separate single celled organisms, origins of mitochondria: anaerobic ancestor could not use o2 phagocytosis occurred of bacterium symbiosis occurs converting bacterium to mitochondria.