BCH210H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Acetyl-Coa, Glycolysis, Acetyl Group

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burgundymule401

31 Jan 2018

School

UTSG

Department

Biochemistry

Course

BCH210H1

Professor

Stavroula Andreopoulos

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BCH210H1 Full Course Notes

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It traps the free energy in things like fad and fadh2, and it generates atp for anabolic pathways. Chmemotrophs eat other things for energy, like humans. Some pathwys are cyclical like the citric acid cycle. Some pathways are linear, and theres lots of different branch points. They all merge on one molecule which is acetyl coa, which has the ability to perform a catabolic and anabolic pathway. Acetyl coa is an intermediate because its made from glucose. It can enter the citric acid cycle which will generate fad and fadh2 which will result in oxidative phosphorylation. We can store the carbons for later via faty acid chains. Sometimes, these pathways are in different parts of the cell. Bottom right 3 take place in the mitochondria. Acetyl coa is not a cofactor, its an intermediate from the breakdown of acetyl to pyruvate. We can decide which glucose pathway is on and off is through regulation.

Related Questions

1) The complete catabolism of glucose results in the generation of ___________ ATP.

	1.	29
	2.	100
	3.	20
	4.	50

2) The presence of _____________________ is a determinant factor on whether pyruvate continues its metabolism into the Krebs cycle.

3) As humans we breath in air that contains oxygen and breath out carbon dioxide . The oxygen we consume it is used in the metabolism of glucose in the ________________________.

electron transport chain as an acceptor of electrons

anaerobic respiration

citric acid cycle

4.conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA

4) A glucose molecule can generate energy, but only if sufficient amount of energy is invested to initiate the chemical reactions that are involved in the catabolism of the glucose molecule.

True

False

5) The ___________________ of glycogen from individual/separate molecults of glucose is an ___________________ reaction.

	1.	breakdown, endergonic
	2.	breakdown, exergonic
	3.	synthesis, endergonic
	4.	synthesis, exergonic

Question 18

The process that forms new glucose in the liver is called ...

	A.	glycogenolysis
	B.	Krebs cycle
	C.	lipolysis
	D.	gluconeogenisis
	E.	oxidative phosphorylation

Question 57

A person exercises in their âfat burning zoneâ for 4 hours at 35% VO₂peak. The O₂ cost of exercise at that work rate is 0.5L/minute. Following exercise the subject rewards himself with an ice-cream sundae (700kcal). The following statement is true(assume 5kcal/lit of O₂):

	A.	The subject is in neutral energy balance
	B.	The subject consumed fewer calories than they expended during exercise
	C.	The subject consumed more calories than they expended during exercise
	D.	Canât say

Question 52

The primary purpose of the citric acid cycle is...

		aerobic glycolysis
		gluconeogenesis using lactate
		the decarboxylation of carbon compounds to produce NADH.
		the shuttling of hydrogen ions through the inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 51

In aerobic ATP production, the role of oxygen is to...

		to keep the electron transport chain operational
		to accept electrons from the 3rd cytochrome and thereby oxidizing it so it can accept new electrons
		act as a oxidizing agent by accepting electrons from the electron transport chain and combining with hydrogen ions (protons)
		all of the above

Question 50

Glucose is necessary for fatty acid oxidation because...

		its derivative, pyruvate, is condensated with carbonic acid to form oxaloacetate, which in turn is a necessary carbon compound in the citric acid cycle
		it is needed to convert fatty acids to fatty acyl-CoA which in turn is oxidized to acetyl CoA
		glucose is decarboxylated into cytochrome oxidase which is a necessary intermediate in the citric acid cycle
		its derivative, acetyl CoA, is condensated with carbonic acid to form lactase, which in turn is a necessary carbon compound in the citric acid cycle

olivegoat873

When a person's glucose and glycogen stores are depleted, whichcan occur due to fasting or due to a diet consisting largely of fat(like eskimo diets), the body produces its energy by breaking downtriglycerides into fatty acids. Fatty acids can be then convertedto Acetyl-CoA, which can consequently enter the citric acid cycle,generating ATP.

Now normally when a cell does not receive sufficient oxygen toundergo its natural processes, it usually breaks down glucoseanaerobically to generate ATP and lactic acid. However, in the casewhere the body is running off fatty acids (e.g. fast, orfat/protein only diet), how does the body respond to such anaerobicsituations?

BCH210H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Acetyl-Coa, Glycolysis, Acetyl Group

BCH210H1 Full Course Notes

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