BIO120H1 Lecture Notes - Cytoskeleton, Actin, Yer

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19 Apr 2011

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BIO120H1 Full Course Notes

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This week we"re going to be discussing cell junctions & adhesion b/w cells. They connect cells together or they connect cells to the matrix that underlies cells. mechanically attach cells to cells or the extracellular matrix. allow chemical or electrical signals to pass from cell to cell (through these channels) Anchoring junctions hold cells together mechanically it attaches them to one another or to the matrix. On this diagram, he"s drawn to scale a typical size of a mammalian cell, ~50 microns wide & the tiny little dot/speck is a 50 nm long cell adhesion molecule. These cell adhesion molecules, these tiny cell adhesion molecules, assemble larger complexes & these complexes have 2 features that overcome this challenge of size (as listed in the slide). Diagram: here is one single cell & here is a cell-cell adhesion complex.

Related Questions

Match the following choices to the statements.

1) Formed by proteins that create tunnels between cells

a) Adhesion Belts

b) none are correct

c) desmosomes

d) gap junctions

e) tight junctions

2) A site of linkage between the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton

a) Adhesion Belts

b) none are correct

c) desmosomes

d) gap junctions

e) tight junctions

3) A site of linkage between the actin cytoskeleton of two adjacent cells

a) Adhesion Belts

b) none are correct

c) desmosomes

d) gap junctions

e) tight junctions

4) Rely on intermediate filaments to connect cells to an adjacent cell

a) Adhesion Belts

b) none are correct

c) desmosomes

d) gap junctions

e) tight junctions

5) Are non-functional in patients with a genetic disorder known as Pemphigus vulgaris

a) Adhesion Belts

b) none are correct

c) desmosomes

d) gap junctions

e) tight junctions

6) Are abundant in tissues that experience high mechanical stress (e.g., heart muscle)

a) Adhesion Belts

b) none are correct

c) desmosomes

d) gap junctions

e) tight junctions

1. How does the extracellular matrix affect a cell that it surrounds? (Select all that apply.)

	The cell's shape depends in part on the structure and composition of the extracellular matrix.
	The genes that the cell expresses depend in part on the types of proteins in the extracellular matrix.
	The size that the cell grows to depends in part on the polysaccharides in the extracellular matrix.
	The extracellular matrix has no effect on the cells that it surrounds.
	All of these choices are correct.

2. Which of the following enable(s) the movement of cells?

	microtubules
	microfilaments
	intermediate filaments
	microtubules and microfilaments
	microfilaments and intermediate filaments

3. Microtubules increase in length:

	more quickly at one end than the other.
	by growing outward from the centrosome.
	in cycles, following rapid depolymerization.
	if free tubulin dimers are available.
	All of these choices are correct.

4. Dynamic instability is the rapid assembly and disassembly of:

	microfilaments.
	intermediate filaments.
	microtubules.
	both microfilaments and microtubules.

5. Which one of the following is a characteristic shared by integrins and cadherins?

	Both are peripheral membrane proteins.
	Both facilitate the adhesion of cells to extracellular matrix proteins.
	Both are present in adherens junctions, desmosomes, and hemidesmosomes.
	The cytoplasmic domains of both proteins are connected to the cytoskeleton.

6. Cadherin is an example of a(n):

	motor protein.
	intermediate filament protein.
	cell adhesion molecule.
	extracellular matrix protein.

7. Which is the CORRECT order from lesser to greater complexity for the following?

	organs, tissues, cells
	cells, tissues, organs
	tissues, organs, cells
	cells, organs, tissues

pucebear535

Describe the five variable influences inherent to cell culture.

Name the four major classes of transmembrane cell adhesion proteins.

Which are mainly responsible for cell-cell adhesion?

Which are mainly responsible for cell-matrix adhesion?

What specifically is responsible for mediating the anchorage of cells in culture to the substrate?

Describe six different molecules that compose the extracellular matrix.

Explain cell motility. Include lamellipodia, actin, plasma membrane, and c

BIO120H1 Lecture Notes - Cytoskeleton, Actin, Yer

BIO120H1 Full Course Notes

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