CSB349H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Base Pair, Noncoding Dna, Transposable Element
12 Jan 2017
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Document Summary
Genome: transcriptional units, repetitive dna, non-repetitive and non-coding dna. Doesn"t code for genes: modulatory elements, gene silencing. Dna makes an rna transcript which requires transcriptional control: other layers of control are involved in the protein-making process. Processing controls, translational control, activity control, etc. What"s really in the human genome: size is about 3 gigabases. A gigabase is about a billion letters of dna. Most of this is heterochromatin which make up telomeres, centromeres and other repetitive dna: non-transposable elements (55%) Unique dna sequences that encode the human properties of the genome: repetitive makes up a huge part of the genome, most of the genome is not human genes. 45% of it is repetitive stuff which contains thousands and thousands of genes that outnumber the human genes: we have about 20,000 genes that are human genes in our genome. That makes up 1. 5% of the entire genome. Types of repetitive dna sequences: tandemly repeated sequences.
