EAS100Y1 Lecture Notes - Friedrich Engels, Antireligion, Songye People
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EAS217
Feb. 10/11
•“Religion as an opium”
•“Author of vice”
•Pyongyyang = The Oriental Jerusalem
•South-North Dialogue: first time, inter-dialogue politically; from then on, N. K.
began to open their society
•“One who does not work must not eat”: Buddhist monks had to go out and work
•Taechasung: employed monks
•Chondoist Party (1946)
•Choe Duk-Sim (1986)
•1988 Glion Conference (refer to last week’s lecture)
•Home Church
•“Our Sun”
•Sun Day (April 15, 1912)
•Chuche Era
•Kim Il-Sungism Shintoism Confucianism
•“Everlasting life”
•“Kim Il-Sung is always with us”
- North Korea’s economy is based on Chuche ideology
- to reconstruct the economy, the Korean government carried out various approaches; North
Korea between 1954 and mid-1960s, grew faster than South Korea
- foreign aid provided by socialist nations made this possible
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- external aid began to decline in late 1950s under Khurshechev (president of Russia right
after Korean war); from China during the Great Cultural Revolution in 1960s, their aid
declined
- in the 1960’s Kim Il-Sung adopted the Chuche ideology self-reliance; they cannot rely on
foreign aid
- from Chuche ideology, Kim realized that he could not rely on external aid: his own way of
surviving
The Basic Aspects of Juche are:
1. Man is the master of his destiny (religious, human-centered world view)
2. Man can accomplish all things, given the necessary will and training (human
dignity/uisiksong-consciousness)
3. Bourgeois ideas demeaning the dignity and power of the individual (socialist idea)
4. Love and obedience for the leader (Confucius and Christianity)
5. Loyalty to the party (Confucius)
6. Ideological cultural and technical revolutions for the transformation of the nation (anti-
foreignism, nationalism).
•Juche ideology requires loyalty to the party leader and liberation from outside
(nationalism)
* Juche = self-reliance
- North Korean economy suffered from the oil crisis in the early 1970s (world-wide, people
suffered from the oil crisis) turning point between South Korea and North Korea (b/c
South Koreans benefitted)
- in order to mobilize the workers, the North Korean state reinforced the Chollima
Movement in ate 1970s: Chollima means the “flying horse movement”; this movement
began in conjunction with the 5-year economic plan; by 1970s, because of this Chollima
Movement, all private enterprises were observed by the state and the private ownership of
the land and business was completely wiped out
- in North Korea, the key economic decisions are centered in the State Planning
Commission: state agent controlling economic issues that sets economic entities (in South
Korea was called State Planning Board)
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