GER150H1 Lecture : 27th feb.doc
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Related Questions
1
The Romans created which of the following innovations in architecture that allowed them to build structures higher and stronger than any civilization before them?
| A. | arches | |
| B. | domes | |
| C. | cement | |
| D. | all of the above |
2
A dome is an arch rotated 360 degrees.
True
False
3
Vaulted arches are:
| A. | pointed arches that were developed for Gothic catehdrals, raising the ceilings up high toward heaven. | |
| B. | post-and-lintel structures | |
| C. | were used in the Cathedral of Chartres. | |
| D. | a an c |
4
Frank Gehry's design for Disney Hall in downtown Los Angeles employs the visual language of architecture. This means that the undulating curvilinear lines of the shapes which comprise the outside of the concert hall can convey the function of the hall.
Disney Hall is a performing art space for music and Gehry's curvilinear shapes could be interpreted as creating a feeling of music-like rhythm.
True
False
5
Which of the following relates to "green architecture"?
| A. | A building should be built as large as possible. | |
| B. | a building is made to be both environmentally friendly as well as sustainable. | |
| C. | trees that are originally on the site are cut down and shipped to a distant building site. | |
| D. | none of the above |
6
An example of "green architecture" is the Busnell House in California.
Which of the following is a reason why this house is considered "green architecture"?
| A. | The house is built with an atrium that faces toward the sun, warming the house naturally and sustainably. | |
| B. | The solar panels on the house collect sun rays that are converted into renewable energy for use in warming the house. | |
| C. | The house is partially submerged in the landscape, such that green grass of the surrounding area slopes up the house and onto the roof, creating the feeling that the house is part of the landscape. | |
| D. | all of the above. |
7
Skeleton-and-skin architecture was used on the Seagram Building in NYC.
This building also represents the International Style; a style of architecture that emphasized an elaborate system of embelished organic designs and curvilinear forms.
True
False
8
The Geodesic Domes designed by Buckminster Fuller are based on the way honeybees construct honeycombs.
True
False
9
An example of the visual language of architecture is Santiago Calatrava's Path station at Ground Zero, which is designed like the skeleton of a bird. The Path station will be a new hub for the downtown area of Wall Street, where Ground Zero is located. Thus, the bird shape can convey both flight and hope for the memorial site at Ground Zero.
True
False
10
New technologies like CATIA computer software designed for the aerospace industry has allowed architects like Santiago Calatrava and Frank Gehry to make shapes that have curvilinear lines and twist and turn in space.
True
False
Miami Valley Architects Inc. provides a wide range ofengineering and architectural consulting services through its threebranch offices in Columbus, Cincinnati, and Dayton, Ohio. Thecompany allocates resources and bonuses to the three branches basedon the net income reported for the period. Presented below are theresults for the 2016 fiscal year ($ in thousands).
| Columbus | Cincinnati | Dayton | Total | |
| Sales | $1,500 | $1,419 | $1,067 | $3,986 |
| Less: | ||||
| Direct Labor | (382) | (317) | (317) | (1,016) |
| Direct Materials | (281) | (421) | (185) | (887) |
| Overhead | (710) | (589)) | (589) | (1,888) |
| Net Income | $127 | $92 | ($24) | $195 |
Overhead items are accumulated in one overhead pool for theentire firm and then allocated to the branches based on directlabor dollars. For fiscal 2016 this predetermined rate was $1.859for every direct labor dollar incurred by an office. The overheadpool includes rent, depreciation, taxes, etc. regardless of whichoffice incurred the expense. Management is concerned with theresults of the fiscal 2016 performance reports. During a review ofthe overhead, it became apparent that many items of overhead werenot correlated with the direct labor dollars. Management decided toapply overhead based on direct tracing where possible and to applyActivity Based Costing (ABC) to model the profitability of eachbranch. Results of Overhead Analysis An analysis of the overheadrevealed that facility sustaining costs for rent, utilities,depreciation, property taxes, etc. could be traced directly to theoffice where the costs were incurred ($ in thousands).
| Columbus | Cincinnatti | Dayton | Total | |
| Direct Overhead | $180 | $270 | $177 | $627 |
Activity pools and activity drivers determined from theaccounting records and staff surveys are presented in the table
| Activity | By | Location | |||||
| Activity Pools | Activity Driver | Columbus | Cincinnati | Dayton | |||
| General Admission | $409,000 | Direct Labor Dollars | $382,413 | $317,086 | $317,188 | ||
| Project Costing | $48,000 | # of Timesheet Entries | 6,000 | 3,800 | 3,500 | ||
| AccountsPayable/Receivable | $139,000 | # of Vendor Invoices | 1,020 | 850 | 400 | ||
| Accounts Receivable | $47,000 | # of Client Invoices | 588 | 444 | 96 | ||
| Payroll/Mail Sort &Delivery | $30,000 | # of Employees | 23 | 26 | 18 | ||
| Personell Recruiting | $38,000 | # of New Hires | 8 | 4 | 7 | ||
| Employee InsuranceProcessing | $14,000 | # of Claims Filed | 230 | 260 | 180 | ||
| Proposals Accepted byClients | $139,000 | # of Proposals Accepted | 200 | 250 | 60 | ||
| Sales Meeting / SalesAids | $202,000 | Contracted Sales | $1,824,439 | $1,399,617 | $571,208 | ||
| Shipping | $24,000 | # of Projects | 99 | 124 | 30 | ||
| Ordering | $48,000 | # of Purchase Orders | 135 | 110 | 80 | ||
| Duplicating Costs | $46,000 | # of Copies Duplicated | 162,500 | 146,250 | 65,000 | ||
| Blueprinting | $77,000 | # of Blueprints | 39,000 | 31,200 | 16,000 | ||
| $1,261,000 |
1.) Activity based costing is one approach to thedifficult problem of cost allocation. However, the results maystill be arbitrary and too imprecise for some applications.Consider the case of a large, national architectural firm withoffices located throughout the country. Assume this firm needs toestablish a transfer price to charge different profit centersacross the country for their use of a centralized PersonnelRecruiting service located within a centralized Human Resourcesgroup. Using the example of Personnel Recruiting in this problem,discuss reasons why activity based costing as it is implemented inthis model by Miami Valley Architects for Personnel Recruitinglacks the precision needed for the large, national architecturalfirm seeking to establish a transfer price.