GGR101H1 Lecture 9: ggr101 lecture 9 mar 24 2016
24 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
Topic => the medieval world and the little ice age. Major technological innovations: replacement of human effort w/ mechanical effort, some early technologies. Water and windmills known in the ancient world use expanded throughout medieval europe. Uses moving fluid to turn a wheel that performs work originally local or cottage production: now, industrial production clocks sundials ancient water clocks. Mechanical clocks: number of diff. designs, spring, pendulum, etc, some used moving water, some used gravity, used for daily schedules gunpowder first invented in china. Ad used for fireworks: later as weapons composed of: 10% sulphur brought to europe via the silk road: history of the silk road connects china + the mediterranean beginning w/ the han dynasty, 200 bc closely guarded secret very lucrative trade. Baghdad (modern iraq) key node: 800 ad fragmented + disintegrated after mongols (13th century) Movable type allows for the mass production of books important spread of ideas and learning: gutenberg bible.
