HMB265H1S- Lecture 23- Genetics of Cancer April 5th, 2011
•How cancer cells differ from normal cells
•Cancer results from mutations from different types of genes; cells grow out of
control- failures in mechanisms that control cell proliferation, cell death, cell growth
•Changes in cancer cells:
ouncontrolled growth;
insensitive to signals or produce own signals for stimulation therefore
proliferate more rapidly, therefore produce cancer
Lack of contact inhibition-normal cells form one cell layer only in petri
dish- contact inhibition
Tumour cells don’t listen or receive or receive signals from
neighbouring cells- cells keep piling up- much different from the
pattern of normal cells
Insensibility to cell death cues; mutagens- cell cannot be correct
therefore dies- programmed cell death b/c don’t want them to
proliferate
Tumour cells insensitive to cell death cues- proliferation of damaged
cells
Lack of gap junctions in tumour cells- cells cannot communicate
oGenomic instability- in normal cell, can be corrected (mismatches); in cancer
cells, not corrected- cancer cells arise
oPotential for immortality- normal cells only divide set amount of times; many
cancer cells keep dividing- immortal; cancer cells have ability to disrupt
normal tissues
oTumour cells start moving; leads to disruption and invasion of normal
tissues- circulation through blood vessels- metastasis
Blood vessels- in adult, stop forming; tumour cells secrete certain
substances, draw blood vessels towards them; use them as roots for
metastasis and/or nutrients
www.notesolution.com