HMB435H1 Lecture : Lecture Summary

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crimsonwombat705

24 Dec 2010

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Secreted proteins, 8-11 kda with c" a-helix, 3 anti-parallel b-strands, and activate gpcr and gag. Alpha or cxc: first two conserved cysteines separated, active mainly on neutrophils. Beta or cc: first two conserved cysteines adjacent; active on monocytes, lymphocytes, basophils. Chemokine receptors are specific (one chemokine), shared (several chemokines of same branch) or promiscuous (multiple chemokines across branches) Surface form is a cell adhesion molecule that induces cell activation. Soluble form attracts monocytes, nk cells, and cd8+ t lymphocyte. Fkn induces leukocyte capture since monocytes, cd8+ t cells, and nk cells adhere to fkn. Rejected grafts were harvested; immuno-stained using anti-fkn ab and compared to isograft controls. Fractalkine expression is increased in acute renal allograft rejection. Fkn-gfp is expressed in pm and in juxtanuclear compartment that overlaps but is not identical to re. Cell surface fkn is internalized and fkn co-localizes with ap-2 and clathrin. Inhibition of dynamin-1 or clathrin sirna prevents internalization of fkn.

Related Questions

1. Macrophages express multiple types of receptors on their surface that stimulate phagocytosis of microbes, leading to pathogen internalization and destruction. Many of these receptors, such as Dectin-1, rely on direct recognition of a PAMP on the pathogen surface. However, some receptors that stimulate phagocytosis rely on soluble factors (not associated with the phagocyte membrane) to identify and mark the pathogen for uptake by the phagocyte. One such receptor is:

		a) The class A scavenger receptor
		b) The complement receptor
		c) The mannose receptor
		d) The macrophage C-type lectin receptor
		e) The lipid receptor

2. Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways lead to the activation of NFkB and of IRF family transcription factors. Each pathway has multiple steps, beginning with adapter proteins in various combinations. This process will induce inflammatory cytokine gene expression rapidly. The following are such adapter proteins EXCEPT:

a) MyD88

b) MAL

c) TRIF

d) NFkB

e)TRAM

3. Many of the inflammatory mediators produced by tissue macrophages at sites of infection act on the endothelial cells lining the blood vessel walls. An exception to this is (are) the:

		a) Cytokines that induce increased vascular permeability
		b) TNF produced by tissue-resident sensor cells
		c) Bradykinin produced that causes pain
		d) Chemokines that induce directed migration of blood monocytes
		e) Cytokines that induce increased expression of adhesion molecules

apricotfish623

Immunology Question

1. What is TAP and what is its function? What happens to individuals who have a deficiency in TAP? What is this condition called? What are some of its associated symptoms?

2. Define the following and give an example for each: (8 marks) a) cytokine b)interleukin c) chemokine d) chemoattractant

_______Column A___________________ ___________________Column B_____________________

_____ Glial Cells 1. Can be used to treat follicular B-cell lymphoma; Antibody to Fab Region

___ Helper T-Cells 2. Interspersed among columnar ciliated epithelial cells; contain macrophages

____ Avidin 3. Primary lymphoid organ

____ CD20 on B-cell leukemia 4. Ricin replacing Fc region in an anti-cancer antibody

____ Myeloid Series Cell 5. co-stimulatory molecule on APC. Binds to CD28

___ CD34 6. Can bind circulating leucocytes to endothelial linings

___ M-Cells and MALT 7. Coded for by Variable region genes and diversification and joining region genes

____ B7 8. Macrophage-like cell in the brain

____ Stromal cell 9. Isotype activating basophils and mast cells

____ Thymus 10. Macrophages in the brain

__ Erythropoetin 11. Supporting tissue for example in bone marrow

___ Heavy chain Fab Regions 12. Uses mouse CDRâs and human Fc

___ Immunotoxin 13. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Marker

____ Autologous 14. Use CD4 co-receptors and IL1 receptors to interact with activated macrophages

____ Megacaryocytes and platelets 15. Secondary lymphoid organ

____ CAM 16. Stimulates Red Blood Cell production

___ Myeloma Cell 17. From the patient her/him self

__ Humanized mouse monoclonal antibody 18. Target for Rituxin

____ Anti-idiotype antibody 19. Neutrophil

____ Cervical lymph node 20. Control blood clotting

___ Cytokines and chemokines 21. Getting out of the blood stream

____ extravasation 22. Dendritic cells in the skin

____ Langerhans cells 23. Is immortal

_____ IgE 24. Has high affinity for biotin

____ Osteoclasts 25. Signal molecules released from granules

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HMB435H1 Lecture : Lecture Summary

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