HMB200H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Reticular Formation, Orbitofrontal Cortex, Hand Washing

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coppercattle724

17 Mar 2012

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Fear learning seems to occur in lateral & basal lateral amygala, then descending paths to hypothal & brainstem. Fear experiences influenced by context, surrounding circumstances, info from hippocampus. Fear very much dependent on activation of amygdala. Fear activated by nmda or cckb agonists in amygdala: nmda glutamate rec activation for turning on fear, cck as a peptide makes panic attack in humans blocking blocks panic attacks but not endogenous panic attacks blockers. Stress/anxiety activated by crh in bnst: corticotropin releasing hormone, also produced in amygdala goes to recs in extended amygdala. Rats) panic-like effects: prevent systemic & amygdala effects of cck by using cckb rec. Ptsd: work on learning of fear within amygdala circuits. Post-traumatic stress (used to be called shell shock): Fear brought on by specific trauma, e. g. , violence or accident. Nightmares: very often in ppl w near-death experiences, violent attacks, accidents longterm pts.

Related Questions

5. Which of the following terms means the process of rehearsing information to allow it to

move from short-term memory to long-term, permanent memory.

A. Working memory

B. Rehearsal memory

C. Transient memory

D. Consolidating memory

E. Procedural memory

6. The Skinner box best represents which type of learning?

A. Hebbian synaptic plasticity

B. Relational

C. Motor

D. Stimulus-response

7. Addiction is a type of learned behavior that involves Hebbian synaptic plasticity between

which two regions of the brain?

A. nucleus raphe magnus and thalamus

B. locus coerulus and cerebral cortex

C. pons and cerebellum

D. substantia nigra and prefrontal cortex

E. ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens

8. Famous short-term memory loss patient H.M. had undergone surgery for intractable

epilepsy that removed the medial aspects of __________________ bilaterally.

A. hypothalamus

B. thalamus

C. globus pallidus (of basal ganglia)

D. hippocampus (in temporal lobe)

E. prefrontal cortex

9. Brenda Milner's research and observation of patient H.M. revealed that long-term

memories are most likely **NOT** stored in _______________.

A. amygdala

B. hippocampus

C. hypothalamus

D. posteriors aspects of temporal lobe

E. cerebral cortex

10. Which one of the following memories is *not* intact for patient H.M.?

A. Memories prior to surgery

B. Non-declarative memories that are rehearsed

C. Long-term declarative memories of new facts and events

D. Procedural memory

11. Implicit memories are thought to be stored in _____________ while explicit memories are

thought to be stored in ________.

A. cerebellum; hippocampus

B. basal ganglia; hippocampus

C. cerebellum; amygdala

D. cerebellum; prefrontal cortex

E. basal ganglia; prefrontal cortex

silvermole26

A 32-year-old army sergeant deployed in an active combat zone returns home for a family visit. His wife becomes alarmed when he begins to experience âflashbacksâ and nightmares of the combat zone and becomes unable to function at home. He is subsequently admitted to the Mental Health Unit of a local hospital with a diagnosis of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.

What are the most important factors for the RN to assess when dealing with a client who is exhibiting flashbacks from combat?

How might the RN foster therapeutic communication with this client?

List three common flashback triggers for military personnel and describe how the RN can assist to decrease the effects.

Provide two nursing diagnosis statements (each statement must include an actual nursing diagnosis, related factor and as evidenced by) that might apply to military personnel experiencing flashbacks.

erinmouse973

1) Interpretation of emotion isgoverned by the ___, and expression of emotion is governed by the___.

a. hippocampus, limbic system

b. limbic system, prefrontalcortex

c. hypothalamus,hippocampus

d. prefrontal cortex,amygdala

2) When a neurotransmitter opensa chemically gated ion channel that allows sodium to enter thepostsynaptic cell and depolarize it, the result is an:

A: EPSP

B: IPSP

3) The portion of the nervous system that has voluntary controlover skeletal muscles is the ____ division.

a. autonomic motor

b. somatic sensory

c. somatic motor

d. visceral sensory

4) The cranial nerve responsible for movement ofthe medial rectus, superior rectus, inferior rectus, and inferioroblique muscles is the __________ nerve.

a. oculomotor

b. trochlear

c. abducens

d. trigeminal

5) The superior colliculi helpyou respond to:

a. somatic stimuli, for example,when you swat at a bug that has landed on your arm

b. visual stimuli, for example,when you turn toward a bright flash of light

c. internal stimuli from yourviscera, for example, when you feel abdominal pain

d. auditory stimuli, for example,when you turn toward a loud bang

6) Glial cells differ from neurons in thatthey:

a. transmit nerve impulses muchmore slowly

b. are found only in thePNS

c. are smaller and capable of mitosis

d. are larger and capable of mitosis

7) Association areas:

a. correlate similar functions from the same lobes on theopposite side of the brain

b. integrate new sensory inputs with memories of pastexperiences

c. correlate similar functions from different lobes on the sameside of the brain

d. correlate information from opposite sides of the brain

8) This is the site of protein synthesis in a neuron

a. Mitochondria

b. Nucleus

c. Nissl body

d. Golgi body

please please help me....... T_T

ivorygoldfish181

HMB200H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Reticular Formation, Orbitofrontal Cortex, Hand Washing

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