LIN200H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Justin Trudeau, General Position, Pragmatics
LIN200 Lecture 4
October 12 2017
-morphology, syntax, semantics, phonology questions will look like what we have done
in tutorial
-know mid sagittal diagram
-fill in blank one
-6 problems:
-phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, misc. multiple choice
Semantics
-Semantics divides up into two main areas: semantics and pragmatics
-Semantics is the literal meaning
-pragmatics is everything else; connotations, implications, etc
-non literal meanings
-a term where one of the subsets is also called by the same name as the more general
term is called an autohypernym
-Professor Sanders refers to the entity of nathan sanders
-this is the extensional meaning—what entity in the universe it refers to
-meaning depends on context
-ex. the word I —it’s extensional meaning changes depending on who’s saying it
-a different type of meaning is the intensional meaning: whatever is inherent to the
word’s meaning across every context, time and point in space, speaker
-the intention meaning of Professor Sanders is a professor named Sanders
-ex. the ancient greeks thought Hesperus and Phosphorus were different stars
-as humanity moved on we realized they were both the same thing—the planet Venus
-so a sentence like Hesperus is Phosphorus would be false to the ancient greeks and
true to us
-yet, it is the same sentence and its extensional meanings are the same
-therefore the meaning isn’t always computed based on extensional meaning
-ex. Clark Kent is Superman
-extensionally, both Clark Kent and Superman refer to the same entity
-yet intensionally, they refer to different personas
-The Prime Minister wears funny socks
-The Prime Minister appoints Senators
-In 100 years, the first will probably not be true but the second will probably still be true
-bc the first has the extensional meaning of Justin Trudeau
-whereas the second has intentional meaning—inherent to what the prime ministers
office is, refers to the general position
-the extensional meaning fits into the intensional meaning—Justin Trudeau is a Prime
Minister, but all prime ministers are not Justin Trudeau
ex. Santa Claus
-there is no extensional meaning because Santa Claus doesn’t exist
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Morphology, syntax, semantics, phonology questions will look like what we have done in tutorial. Phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, misc. multiple choice. This is the extensional meaning what entity in the universe it refers to. Semantics divides up into two main areas: semantics and pragmatics. A term where one of the subsets is also called by the same name as the more general term is called an autohypernym. Professor sanders refers to the entity of nathan sanders. Ex. the word (cid:1688)i(cid:1689) it"s extensional meaning changes depending on who"s saying it. A different type of meaning is the intensional meaning: whatever is inherent to the word"s meaning across every context, time and point in space, speaker. The intention meaning of professor sanders is (cid:1688)a professor named sanders(cid:1689) Ex. the ancient greeks thought hesperus and phosphorus were different stars. As humanity moved on we realized they were both the same thing the planet venus.
