MGY299Y1 Lecture : Notes taken during lecture

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redtermite204

19 Dec 2011

School

UTSG

Department

Molecular Genetics and Microbiology

Course

MGY299Y1

Professor

Johanna Rommens

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Document Summary

One of the three ways in which foreign dna gets into bacteria. Other two are conjugation and transduction: conjugation mediated by plasmids. mating system involving conjugative pillus joining two bacteria: transduction via phage dna in phage heads. In this lab, using calcium chloride artificial: hijacking methods involving natural transformation, some bacteria, like hemophilus and nesseria, are competent all the time. have system where transport dna into cell and it s selective for own dna specific sequences recognized, if these sequences present, dna uptake and incorporation into genomes by recombination. even e. coli has similar system called kai sequences recognized and shuts down degradative mechanism: gram positive bacteria have competence a developmental process induced. alternative to sporulation turned on by quorum sensing and nutritional state of cell y turns on system that takes up dna y preferentially taking up own dna. puc origin high copy number so many copies of plasmid in cell.

Related Questions

1. (2 pts) Which of the following mechanisms transfers DNA from only a very specific region of the chromosome?

a. conjugation

b. generalized transduction

c. specialized transduction

d. transformation

2. Given what you know about Horizontal gene transfer, why might all of the genes required for a useful but non-essential function (such as degradation of a man-made pollutant or pathogenicity genes) tend to cluster together in a chromosome?

3. You are using molecular systematics to study microbial evolution. Which genes might you use to determine whether gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria evolved first?

a. the gene for lipopolysaccharide

b. 16S rRNA gene

c. the gene for teichoic acids

d. the gene for the S-layer

4. Choose the process or entity responsible for a gene moving from one place to another in the genome.

a. conjugation

b. insertion sequences

c. specialized transduction

d. transformation

5. Which of the following differs between lytic and lysogenic phage?

a. Mutation can make lysogenic phage unable to replicate.

b. Lytic phage must attach to the outside of the cell.

c. Lysogenic phage can be vertically transmitted from one bacteria generation to the next, as the bacteria copies its genome during cell replication

d. Lytic phage lyse open the host cell.

blushllama898

DNA may be transferred between bacteria via: (Select all thatapply.)

	a)	fission.
	b)	conjugation.
	c)	mitosis.
	d)	transduction.
	e)	transformation.
	f)	meiosis.

viridianbutterfly16

Select all of the TRUE statements. (Select all that apply.)

		The direct movement of DNA between two bacteria of the samegeneration is called horizontal genetic transfer.
		In conjugation, the strand of DNA that is transferred from thedonor cell to the recipient cell is single stranded.
		The process of conjugation may introduce new genes into therecipient strain, altering its genotype.
		A cell with an F factor integrated into the bacterial chromosomeis called F+.
		An episome is a segment of bacterial DNA that can exist as aplasmid or be integrated into the bacterial chromosome.
		During transformation, homologous recombination may occur if thesequence of the introduced DNA has no similarity to the hostDNA.

yellowgoat340

MGY299Y1 Lecture : Notes taken during lecture

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