NEW335H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Natural Killer Cell, Sympathetic Nervous System, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
Document Summary
Anticipated challenges. (novelty/ unpredictability/ threat to ego/ sense of control) Holmes-rahe scale good quantifier of events stress indicator: following stress, the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axis are activated. Be prepared to reproduce the hpa axis diagram. Hpa: stress=> hypothalamus=> corticotrophin releasing factor (crf)=> pituitary gland => acth (adrenocorticotropic hormone)=> adrenal gland => cortisol (glucocorticoid) Sympathetic nervous system=> catecholamine (epinephrine, norepinephrine)=> fight or flight: contrast the effects of acute and chronic stress on the immune system. Acute: short duration response, levels return to normal in hours, elevated blood sugar and fatty acid, aids in memory formation to remember the stressor in the future, enhances the immune system and recovery. Lymphocyte= white blood cell in the lymphatic system. T-cell: a) th (helper)=> adaptive immune responses/releasing t cell cytokines/ cd4/ helps facilitate immune responses: (tc) cytotoxic=> killer/ cd8/ Interleukins are the compounds used by leukocytes (whiteblood cells) to signal to one another (messengers of white blood cells)
