NFS284H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Body Mass Index, Insulin Resistance, Underweight
Document Summary
Body weight and health: body mass index (bmi) = weight (kg) height (m2, underweight = <18. 5, normal: 18. 5 24. 9, overweight = 25. 0 29. 9, obese = >30. Inflammatory effect: excessive enlargement of adipocytes causes macrophages to infiltrate adipose tissue chronic inflammation interferes with insulin function, inducing insulin resistance in liver, muscle and adipose tissue type-2 diabetes. Insulin also impacts estrogen metabolism by suppressing the synthesis of. Intentional exercise: non-exercise activity thermogenesis (neat, energy expended by non-intentional exercise, i. e. fidgeting, varies between a sedentary person and physically active person, thermic effect of food (10% of tee) Increase in body temperature after eating: energy expended in digestion, absorption and storage of nutrients, fat: 2-3% of energy consumed, carb 8-9, protein: 15-30% Storing kcalories as fat: stored triglycerides reflect the fatty acid composition of the diet, excessive intake increase in % body fat, minor contribution from glucose and amino acids, major contribution from fatty acids. Guidelines for a healthy body weight: lean vs.
