PCL201H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Warfarin, Cyclophosphamide, Birth Weight

• School: UTSG
• Department: Pharmacology and Toxicology
• Course: PCL201H1
• Professor: all

Document Summary

Teratogen: any agent that the mother is exposed to that causes birth defects/congenital malformations or abnormal physiological or mental development of the child. Teratoge(cid:374)s are hard to ide(cid:374)tify (cid:271)e(cid:272)ause trials usually do(cid:374)"t i(cid:374)(cid:448)ol(cid:448)e preg(cid:374)a(cid:374)t (cid:449)o(cid:373)e(cid:374) Pregnancy outcomes: healthy, healthy with short-term effects, minor anomalies, major birth defects (1-5%) <6% of defects are due to exposure to agents, mostly unknown causes: spontaneous abortion (10-15%) Indirect maternal effects (malnutrition, disease, altered blood supply to fetus) Critical periods: post-conception/post-fertilization: the (cid:862)due date(cid:863) is (cid:1007)8 (cid:449)eeks after the date of conception, post-lmp (first day of last menstrual period): The (cid:862)due date(cid:863) is (cid:1008)0 (cid:449)eeks after first day of lmp, assu(cid:373)i(cid:374)g the (cid:449)o(cid:373)a(cid:374) has a. 28-day cycle and gets pregnant 2 weeks after first day of lmp. She is not actually pregnant the first 2 weeks; drugs with a short half-life may have no effect at all: all-or-nothing period. If too many cells damaged, embryo will not survive; otherwise continues healthy: organogenesis.