PSL201Y1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Tyrosine, Pituitary Gland, Neurotransmitter
Document Summary
What are the three main types of hormones: peptide (smaller) /prot (bigger, steroid. Derived from single aa"s: tryptophan: amine tyrosine. Peptide/protein hormones: most hormones, made in advance, synthesized like secreted prots, stored in secretory vesicles, release by exocytosis upon a signal. Thru golgi to secretory vesicle released only when signal chopped off later: preprohormone has signal seq, pro part, active hormone has pro part taken away. Pre & pro parts have no biological f"n. Single preprohormone can contain: several copies of same hormone. Can have >1 version: >1 type of hormone. Peptide/protein hormone (processing: disulfide bonds or glycosylation of aa"s. Insulin: secreted as single peptide chain (prohormone) cysteine residues joined by disulfide bonds aa"s cleaved as go into secretory vesicle mature insulin w alpha & beta strand, c peptide inactive. Fsh: glycosylated prot, consists of 2 separarely- coded polypeptides joined together during synthesis process, glycosylated glucose & sugar molecs. Folding similar w membrane prots & secreted prots.
