PSL300H1 Lecture Notes - Carnitine, Negative Feedback, Gamete

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Common between males and females: formation of gametes (spermo/ocytes, hypothalamic/pituitray control of reproduciotn. Mitosis vs. meiosis (crossing over also happens, mixing of dna) Sperm produciton: produced in testis, optimal at 2-3 degrees lower than body temperature, takes ~64 days, 200 million/day, further mature in epididymis (also in scrotum?) 4 spermatids produced from one starting cell o: still have to mature as they lack flagellum, spermatozoa: spermatids mature into spermatozoa, lose cytoplasm and gain a tail, nucleus condenses, called spermiogenesis, acrosome. Important for penetrating the outside of the oocytes for fertilization. Contains hyaluronidase and acrosin which break down the zona pellucida, a glycoprotien coat that covers the oocyte inherited) Male mitochondria never get into the cell (why mtdna is maternally. Constituents of semen: spermatazoa + secretions of accessory glands, water, lubricant (mucous), buffers (neutralize acid, nutrients: fructose, citric acid, vitamin c, carnitine, enzymes, zinc, prostaglandins: smooth muscle contraction.

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