PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Vascular Resistance, Pulmonary Valve, Circulatory System
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PSL301H1 Full Course Notes
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Pressure, volume, & resistance: blood flows down a pressure gradient ( p), from region of high pressure(heart) to low (blood vessels) Highest pressure are aorta and systemic arteries, receiving blood from left ventricle. Lowest pressure is in venae cavae, before emptying into right atrium: pressure of fluid in motion decreases over distance. Hydrostatic pressure is exerted equally in all directions. In a moving fluid system, pressure falls over distance as energy is lost due to friction. Dynamic, flowing: potential energy (hydrostatic pressure) Most fluid in cardiovascular system: pressure changes in liquids without a change in volume. High pressure created by contracting muscle is transferred to the blood. Flows out of ventricle, into blood vessel pressure created is driving pressure. When wall of chamber expand, pressure on fluid decreases: blood flows from higher pressure to lower pressure. The higher the pressure gradient, the greater the flow: resistance opposes flow. Tendency of cardiovascular system to oppose blood flow is resistance to flow.
