PSY210H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Castration Anxiety, Immanuel Kant, Penis Envy

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18 Nov 2012
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8-10 pgs, not including title pg & works cited pg. Morality is not the doctrine of how we may make ourselves happy, but how we may make ourselves worthy of happiness. Internalization of social values, grp norms & laws. Reason: cognitive, how do we evaluate laws, standards. Hoffman: emotion = primary force in moral development, drives us to be moral: ex. Empathetic distress: personal distress: motivation to alleviate one"s own discomfort. We feel someone else"s pain & want to alleviate ourselves put distance btwn ourselves. Freud: internalization of parental values & societal norms. Left to its only devices, the ego is amoral, wants to help the id. Freud ppl are inherently evil, but social pressures cause a conscience to form. Genital stage (ages 5-6): oedipus/elektra complex: child wants to sexually possess opposite sex parent, but same-sex parent (rival) = too powerful, hatred towards same-sex parent, feel anxiety & fear of punishment; feel guilt.

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