SOC220H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Environmental Hazard, Selection Bias, Ecological Systems Theory
Document Summary
Conventional status attainment models focus on how socioeconomic characteristics of families effect the status attainment of children. Micro- and meso-level contexts: families, neighborhoods, and schools. Exo-level contexts: the broader economic, political, and educational systems. People in the centre, things move outward. Advantaged vs. disadvantaged neighborhood for status attainment as an adult. More black children exposed in high poverty neighbourhoods. Institutional resource theory contends that poor neighborhoods lack important institutional resources, such as quality schools, daycare centers, and grocery stores, which promote successful child development. Neighborhood context affects the socioeconomic composition of schools because enrollment rules are based on residential location, and highpoverty schools tend to have a lower quality of instruction. Living in a poor neighborhood isolates children from influential adult role models who value education and discourage risky behaviors. Infrequent contact with positive role models is thought to curb the educational and occupational aspirations of children living in poor neighborhoods and ultimately lead to disengagement from school.
