SOC365H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Penis Envy, Castration Anxiety, Juliet Mitchell
Document Summary
Socialization: process by which a society"s values and norms are taught and learned. Gender socialization is sometimes a conscious effort: expectations are reinforced, explicit rewards and punishments. May be more subtle: gender messages relayed implicitly through ways adults interact with one another and with children, clothing, books, toys, through interaction with peers. 18mo show preferences for gender-stereotyped toys. 2yo aware of their own and others" genders. 2-3yo- identify traits and behaviors in gender-stereotyped ways. Saw development of gender identity and sexual orientation as a tragic and complex process. Girls and boys are similar in behavior and experience during the oral and anal stages: mother = chief object of emotions since primary caregiver. Age 4: divergence in personality development of girls and boys: become aware of their own genitals and that boys and girls" genitals are different, signals start of phallic stage identification occurs during this phase. Children begin to unconsciously model their behavior after that of their same-sex parent.
