SOC101Y1 Lecture Notes - Class Consciousness, Totalitarianism

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2 Dec 2013
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Social stratification: the layering of unequal categories of people in society rich and poor, powerful and powerless, highly educated and less educated, and so on. Some jobs are more important than others. To motivate talented people to undergo training and sacrifice, high rewards. Jobs that are more important require more training and sacrifice must be offered. Therefore, stratification is necessary; it performs a useful function. The question of which occupations are more important is far from clear. The functional theory ignores the pool of talent that lies unused because of inequality. The functional theory fails to examine how advantages and disadvantages are passed from generation to generation. The ability of capitalists to hire and fire wage workers at first encouraged rapid technological change and economic growth. The drive for profits also caused capitalists to concentrate many workers, keep wages low, and spend little on improving working conditions.

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