STA130H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Statistical Inference, Test Statistic, Null Hypothesis
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Sometimes the goal of statistical work is to make conclusions or decisions based on the incomplete information we have in our data this procedure is known as statistical inference. If we obtain results that we think are not due to chance, . Simulations use functions in r that produce (apparently) random outcomes (for example, sample). We can force such a function to produce the same outcome every time by setting a parameter called the "seed". The seed can be any integer. for loops. Evaluate a block of code for each value of a sequence. A parameter is the "true" value of what we"re interested in, typically, because it"s what holds for the population. A statistic is a quantity calculated from the data. We estimate the parameter using a statistic calculated from our sample data to estimate the parameter. Often, estimates are specified by putting a "hat" over the symbol for its corresponding parameter.
