HSTR 240B Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: French Second Republic, Italian Nationalism, The Communist Manifesto
13 Sep 2016
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Emphasis on tradition, (elite) community, not progress and individualism. Defense of the status quo or the past. Loyalties should be placed with the monarchs and not the people of the nation. Nation = source of collective identity, political allegiance. Requires belief in what is patently not so" (hobsbawn): different languages, different ethnicities, different cultures, different (interpretations of) histories. Dark side -> us" versus them" plus: territory should coincide with nation. Improved communication led to shared language, mass education increased unity, festivals, patriotic celebrations, national symbols (e. g. tri- colour and marianne in france) Focus on liberty (of individual) and equality (sort of ?) Laissez fair economics - if you leave the economy alone, it will be able to fix itself (human beings will naturally be able to sort its own problems out) Karl marx the communist manifesto (written with friendrich engles) Central notion = class struggle (bourgeoisie versus proletariat), violence is ok, working men of all countries, unite".
