BIOL 1111 Lecture Notes - Cytochrome C, Cell Division, Tumor Suppressor Gene
1 Feb 2013
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Document Summary
Cell death critical to embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, establishment of immune self-tolerance, and for regulation of cell viability by hormones and growth factors. Apoptosis programmed cell death characterized by distinct morphological changes in the dying cell: shrink, membrane blebs form at plasma membrane. Intracellular organelles disassemble: chromatin condensed and cleaved, finally, packaged into membrane bound apoptotic bodies. Apoptosis neat form of cell death (necrosis usually initiates inflammatory response) Initiator caspases can be autoactivated when complexed with appropriate scaffolding (have long prodomains that interact with other proteins) Effector caspases activated by cleavage by initiator caspases. Activation of initiator complexes 2 general pathways: extrinsic signal comes from outside of the cell, example ligation of a death receptor on the plasma membrane. Intrinsic signal comes from within the cell: dna damage that cannot be prepared, usually involves mitochondria. Icad inhibitor bound to cad until cleaved by capsases.
