BIOL 2021 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Straight Arterioles Of Kidney, Peritubular Capillaries, Urination
24 Aug 2016
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Document Summary
Location and external anatomy of kidneys: located retroperitoneally, lateral to t12-l3 vertebrae, hilum on concave surface, vessels and nerves enter and exit, renal capsule surrounds the kidney. Internal gross anatomy of the kidneys: frontal section through the kidney: renal cortex, renal medulla and renal pyramids, renal pelvis and major and minor calicies. Microscopic anatomy of the kidney: uriniferous tubules composed of: Nephron renal corpuscle plus renal tubules. Mechanism of urine production: glomerular filtration filtrate of blood leaves glomerulus and enters the uriniferous tubule, tubular resorption most nutrients, water and essential ions are reclaimed. 99% volume of renal filtrate is resorbed in this manner: tubular secretion active process of removing undesirable molecules from the blood, occurs in the nephron. Basic kidney functions: rate of urinary excretion = rate of glomerular filtration + rate of secretion rate of resorption, helps maintain homeostasis of blood"s volume and composition, analogous to recycling center.
