BIOC 1303 Lecture 8: Ch. 18 Amines and Amides
28 Jun 2018
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Introduction to Organic and Biological Chemistry for Health Sciences
Chapter 18 Amines and Amides
18.1 Amines
Learning Goals → Classify amines as primary, secondary, or tertiary.
→ Name amines using common and IUPAC names.
→ Draw the condensed structures given the names.
Amines - Pg. 645
- Are organic compounds in which one or more H in ammonia (NH3), is replaced with alkyl
or aromatic groups.
Examples:
H H H
| | |
H—N—H CH3—N—H CH3—N—CH3
Ammonia
Classification of Amines - Pg. 645
- Amines are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary.
- In a primary (1°) amine, one carbon group is bonded to the nitrogen atom.
- A secondary (2°) amine has two carbon groups.
- A tertiary (3°) amine has three carbon groups.
Examples:
H CH3 CH3
| | |
CH3—N—H CH3—N—H CH3—N—CH3
1° 2° 3°
IUPAC Names of Amines - Pg. 646
- In the IUPAC system, amines are named as alkanamines.
- The “–e” in the alkane name of the longest chain is changed to “-amine ”.
- The chain is numbered to locate the amine group and substituents
Examples:
NH2
|
CH3—CH2—NH2 CH3—CH—CH3
Ethanamine Propanamine
Naming Secondary and Tertiary Amines - Pg. 603
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
- Each alkyl groups bonded to the N atom is named as N-alkyl groups in front of the amine
name for longest chain. → add “N-” to whatever is attached to the nitrogen
Examples:
HN—CH3
|
CH3—CH2—CH2—NH—CH3 CH3—CH—CH2—CH3
N-Methyl-1-propanamine N-Methyl-2-butanamine
Aromatic Amines - Pg. 649
- The amine of benzene is named aniline. → KNOW
18.1 Learning Check - Structure of Amines
1.) Give the common and IUPAC names and classify as primary, secondary, or tertiary:
CH3
|
CH3—CH2—N—CH3 → Types of questions you will be be asked
2.) Write a structural formula for N-methyl-1-butanamine
18.2 Properties Amines
Learning Goals → Describe the boiling points and solubility of amines.
→ Write equations for the ionization and neutralization of amines.
Hydrogen Bonding for Amines - Pg. 651
- The polar N-H bond provides hydrogen bonding in 1°and 2° amines, but not 3°.
- However, the N-H bonds in amines are not as polar as the O-H bonds in
alcohols.
Amines React as Bases - Pg. 651
- Like ammonia, amines are weak bases in water.
Examples:
NH3 + H2O NH⇌4+ + OH–
ammonium hydroxide Nitrogen picks up H instead of donating it. Acid means; it will cough up H
CH3—NH2 + H2O ⇌CH3—NH3 + + OH–
methylammonium hydroxide
Neutralization forms Amine Salts - Pg. 652
- An amine salt forms when an amine is neutralized by acid.
- It is named by replacing the amine part of the name with ammonium followed by the
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Introduction to organic and biological chemistry for health sciences. Learning goals classify amines as primary, secondary, or tertiary. Name amines using common and iupac names. Draw the condensed structures given the names. Are organic compounds in which one or more h in ammonia (nh3), is replaced with alkyl or aromatic groups. In a primary (1 ) amine, one carbon group is bonded to the nitrogen atom. Amines are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary. A secondary (2 ) amine has two carbon groups. A tertiary (3 ) amine has three carbon groups. In the iupac system, amines are named as alkanamines. The e in the alkane name of the longest chain is changed to -amine. The chain is numbered to locate the amine group and substituents. Each alkyl groups bonded to the n atom is named as n-alkyl groups in front of the amine name for longest chain. Add n- to whatever is attached to the nitrogen.
