ESCI 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Mass Wasting, Surface Runoff, Slope Stability
15 Oct 2016
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Mass wasting: comprehensive term for downslope movement of earth materials: (cid:862)la(cid:374)dslides(cid:863) used for all (cid:373)ass (cid:373)ove(cid:373)e(cid:374)ts for sake of co(cid:374)ve(cid:374)ie(cid:374)ce. Slopes are dynamic and always evolving (not "frozen") Strong rock forms free faces (cliff, steep) and talus slope (fallen rock deposits) If it is greater than 1, it"s safe or stable. Preventing landslides: drainage control: reducing infiltration and surface runoff, slope grading: reducing the overall slope, slope supports: retaining walls or deep supporting piles. Monitoring changes (to warn of impending landslides): human surveillance. Snow avalanche: rapid downslope movement of snow and ice, depends on steepness of slope, stability of snowpack, weather. Sluff: normally does not bury people; <50 m in length. Small: stops on slope; <100 m in length, can bury and kill people. Medium: runs to slope bottom; <1000 m in length, can destroy small buildings, damage vehicles, break trees.
