ESCI 2610 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Smog, Precautionary Principle, Carcinogen
14 Jun 2018
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Department
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Professor
Lecture 19 – Risk Management
Risk Assessment and Management
Precautionary Principle (Threats of Harm, Caution)
Public Alarm: substances/ processes, cause of threat not known, pathway to victim
unclear, danger unfamiliar/ unknown, consequences unavoidable/ catastrophic (Ex:
nuclear power, food additives, bio accumulative, toxic substances, air pollutants
(cancer)
Risk Culture: accountability and trust, dangers not provable by Science
Precaution: principle of pro-activism, “Civic Science”, radically democratizing idea
Risk Assessment (Uncertainties, problems), hazard identification, exposure assessment,
dose-response assessment, risk characterization (area of overlap between both fields of
activity), risk management (most important part of assessment), non-risk analysis, control
options, regulatory decision;
Health-risk uncertainties: contaminated ground water, photochemical smog, other
types of pollution, management implications.
Dose Response Assessment
Biological effects of exposure, risks related to drinking water, dose effects, response,
threshold Concepts in toxicology, no-threshold toxic phenomena, appropriate models,
Silent accidents, (accidents not detected, slow transport from source, etc.)
Pollutant cocktail problem, interaction among contaminants.
Threshold concept: dose below which no adverse effects expected
Characterizing and Managing Health Risks
Cost-benefit analysis, health benefits of ground water protection, avoided costs, other
water use
Uncertainty regarding future demands (option value), intrinsic (existence, bequest)
values
Dollar estimates for mortality and morbidity; sensitivity, Analysis, Monte Carlo simulations,
value of monitoring information.
Intrinsic Values: existence
→ satisfaction from knowledge that resource available to others, ecological integrity
preserved
Intrinsic Values : Bequest
→ utility gains from knowledge that resources preserved for future generations
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Public alarm: substances/ processes, cause of threat not known, pathway to victim unclear, danger unfamiliar/ unknown, consequences unavoidable/ catastrophic (ex: nuclear power, food additives, bio accumulative, toxic substances, air pollutants (cancer) Risk culture: accountability and trust, dangers not provable by science. Precaution: principle of pro-activism, civic science , radically democratizing idea. Risk assessment (uncertainties, problems), hazard identification, exposure assessment, dose-response assessment, risk characterization (area of overlap between both fields of activity), risk management (most important part of assessment), non-risk analysis, control options, regulatory decision; Health-risk uncertainties: contaminated ground water, photochemical smog, other types of pollution, management implications. Biological effects of exposure, risks related to drinking water, dose effects, response, threshold concepts in toxicology, no-threshold toxic phenomena, appropriate models, Silent accidents, (accidents not detected, slow transport from source, etc. ) Threshold concept: dose below which no adverse effects expected. Cost-benefit analysis, health benefits of ground water protection, avoided costs, other water use. Uncertainty regarding future demands (option value), intrinsic (existence, bequest) values.
