NURS 1660 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Parotid Gland, Headache, Tuning Fork
26 Jun 2018
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Week Eight (November 6-10, 2017)
11-63-166
Health Assessment
Chapter Fifteen: Eyes Assessment
Anatomy and Physiology Overview
Nose
- The external nose allows air to enter the respiratory tract.
- The midline columella divides the oval nares (nostrils).
- The nostrils are lined with skin and ciliated mucosa - known as the vestibule.
- The ciliated mucosa inside the nose warm, filter and humidify inspired air
at nearly 100%.
- The nasal septum is the center wall of the bone and cartilage covered with
mucosal membrane that divides the left and right nasal cavities.
- Projecting from the walls of the nose, are three scroll-like bones covered with
erectile mucous membrane (inferior, middle and superior turbinate.
- Lateral to each turbinate is an air space: the inferior meatus, middle meatus and
superior meatus.
- The middle turbinate and middle meatus areas are collectively known as
the osteomeatal complex.
- Air within the nasal roof stimulate the receptors of the olfactory nerve (CN I).
→ Mucosal swelling from upper respiratory tract infections (colds) may obstruct olfactory
sensory preceptors, compromising the sense of smell.
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Week Eight (November 6-10, 2017)
11-63-166
Nerve and
Blood
Supply
- The rhino-sino-brachial (sneeze) reflex results from the complex relationship of the
medulla of the brain with the trigeminal (CN V), facial (CN VII), glossopharyngeal (CN
IX), and vagus (CN X) nerves.
- Branches of the internal and external carotid arteries supply blood to the nose.
Lymph Drainage
- Lymph drainage from the anterior nose leads to the preauricular and
submandibular nodes.
- The deep cervical and retropharyngeal nodes drain the posterior nasal cavity.
Sinuses
- Sinuses are hollow, bony, air-filled cavities within the forehead and facial
cavities.
- They lighten the weight of the skull and provide timber and resonance to
the voice.
- Produce mucus that empty into the nasal cavities.
→ Frontal Sinus is above the eyebrows.
→ Ethmoid Sinuses are between the eyes
→ Maxillary Sinuses are below the eyes & above the teeth in each check.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Week Eight (November 6-10, 2017)
11-63-166
Mouth (Oral Cavity)
- Structure for taste, mastication and speech articulation. It extends from
the lips to the anterior pillars of the tonsils.
- The floor of the mouth is highly vascular, with the largest percentage in
the area at the base of the tongue. This vascularity allows rapid
absorption of the sublingual medication.
- The roof of the mouth contains the hard and soft
palates.
- Hard Palate: comprises two thirds of the total
palate.
- Soft Palate: forms the uvula and separates the
mouth from the pharynx.
Tounge
- A muscle.
- The median fold (lingual frenulum), connects the base of the
tongue to the floor or the mouth.
- One of the body’s most vascular muscles.
- Anterior two thirds of tongue surface contain taste buds known as vallate
papillae.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
The external nose allows air to enter the respiratory tract. The midline columella divides the oval nares (nostrils). The nostrils are lined with skin and ciliated mucosa - known as the vestibule. The ciliated mucosa inside the nose warm, filter and humidify inspired air at nearly 100%. The nasal septum is the center wall of the bone and cartilage covered with mucosal membrane that divides the left and right nasal cavities. Projecting from the walls of the nose, are three scroll-like bones covered with erectile mucous membrane (inferior, middle and superior turbinate. Lateral to each turbinate is an air space: the inferior meatus, middle meatus and superior meatus. The middle turbinate and middle meatus areas are collectively known as the osteomeatal complex. Air within the nasal roof stimulate the receptors of the olfactory nerve (cn i). Mucosal swelling from upper respiratory tract infections (colds) may obstruct olfactory sensory preceptors, compromising the sense of smell.
