Anatomy and Cell Biology 3319 Lecture Notes - Lecture 44: Suspensory Ligament, Deep Inguinal Ring, Ovarian Ligament
1 May 2018
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Lecture 044: Female Reproduction: Ovaries, Uterine Tubes
Objectives
● Describe the structure, general function and location of the uterus, uterine tubes and
ovaries
● Trace the course of an ovum from ovulation to implantation.
● Define the term broad ligament and identify its constituent parts
● Describe the contents of the suspensory ligament
● Describe the path and significance of the round ligament
● Describe the uterine blood supply and the changes that occur during menstruation
Function of the Female Reproductive System:
● Produce ova
● Secrete sex hormones
● Receive spermatogonia
● Site for fertilization, implantation, development
● Facilitate pertuitation
● Provide nourishment for infant
○ Thus it includes the mammary glands and the placenta
Reproductive Structures
● Primary sex organs
○Gonads (ovaries)
○ Produce gametes (ova)
○ Secrete sex hormones
■ Estrogen
■ Progesterone
● Secondary sex organs
○ Includes the external genitalia
■ Vagina
■ Uterine tubes
■ Uterus
■ Mammary glands
○ Carry ova through the system
■ Facilitate successful fertilization, implantation development
Overview of Reproductive System
●Internal genitalia
○Ovary
■ Ovum is released into the peritoneal cavity
○Accessory duct
■Uterine tube
● Distal portion has finger like projections (fimbria) that encircles
ovaries
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○ Gathers the Ovum into the tube
○ If this fails you get an ectopic pregnancy
● Transports ovum to
the uterus
■Uterus
● Muscular sac
● Implantation and
development of the
fetus
■Vagina
● Fetus travel through
this during birth
●External genitalia
○Superficial perineum
Peritoneal Folds in the Female
● Round
ligament and the ovarian ligament are one continuous ligament
○ Runs from the uterus, through the inguinal canal to the labia majora
○ This was previously the gubernaculum in females
■ This ligament pulls the ovaries to where they are in adults during
embryonic development
○Ovarian ligament
■ Minor role in supporting the over
■ Runs from the ovary to the uterus
○Round ligament
■ Serves no purpose in the adult
● Has a role for the descent of the ovaries
● Anchors the ovaries in the labia majora
■ Enters the deep inguinal ring and runs in the inguinal canal
●Suspensory ligament
○ Suspend the ovaries from the lateral wall of the abdominal cavity
○ Vessels that nourish the ovaries travel in this ligament
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■ Ovarian artery, ovarian vein, lymphatics
○ Follows the path the the ovaries took as they migrated
● Ovaries are not well innervates
○ Hard to tell if you have ovarian cancer
● Descent of the ovaries
○ Ovarian ligament, round
ligament, and the suspensory
ligament all play a rone
●Peritoneal lining of the pelvic
cavity
○ Runs around the front and
back of the uterus
■ Generates the
viscorerine pouch
(between the bladder
and uterus) and the
rectouterine pouch
(between the rectum
and uterus)
■ Important because during infections of the peritoneum, fluids can pool in
these pouches
○ Large part of this peritoneal lining is the broad ligament
■ Covers the uterus and uterine tubes
●Posterior fornix
○ Where the uterus intrudes into the vigina
●Urogenital diaphragm
○ Patch of membrane that supports the viscera
Broad Ligament
● A sheet of
peritoneum
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Describe the structure, general function and location of the uterus, uterine tubes and ovaries. Trace the course of an ovum from ovulation to implantation. Define the term broad ligament and identify its constituent parts. Describe the contents of the suspensory ligament. Describe the path and significance of the round ligament. Describe the uterine blood supply and the changes that occur during menstruation. Thus it includes the mammary glands and the placenta. Ovum is released into the peritoneal cavity. Distal portion has finger like projections (fimbria) that encircles ovaries. If this fails you get an ectopic pregnancy. Round ligament and the ovarian ligament are one continuous ligament. Runs from the uterus, through the inguinal canal to the labia majora. This was previously the gubernaculum in females. This ligament pulls the ovaries to where they are in adults during embryonic development. Runs from the ovary to the uterus. Has a role for the descent of the ovaries.
