Anatomy and Cell Biology 3319 Lecture Notes - Lecture 40: Abdominal Cavity, Adrenal Gland, Abdominal Wall
Lecture 040: Kidney and Ureters
Objectives
● State the location of the kidneys within the abdominal
cavity and in relation to bony landmarks
● Name the connective tissue coverings of the kidney
● List the anterior relations of the left and right kidneys
● Name the structures of the hilum of the kidney and state
their relationship to one another
● Describe the anatomical features of the kidney in coronal section
● State the arterial supply, venous drainage of the kidneys
● Describe a typical uriniferous tubule
Components of the Urinary System
● 2 kidneys
● 2 ureters
● Urinary bladder
○ Store urine
● Urethra
○ Passageway from the bladder to the outside world
○ Length differs between male and female
Functions of the Urinary System
● Filters blood
● Filters 200 L of fluid/day
● Excretes approximately 1.4 L/day
● Eliminate Waste
○ Nitrogenous compounds
● Excrete excess ions
○ Water/electrolyte balance
● Produce, transport, and store urine
● Micturition
● Blood Pressure regulation
General information about the Kidney
● Are retroperitoneal structures
● Lies on the posterior abdominal wall
● Extend from T12-L3
○ Slightly lower on the right
● Hilum
○ Opening in the kidney where all the vessels enters the kidney
● Processes 20-25% cardiac output
● Surfaces, margins, poles
● Associated adrenal gland
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Kidney Anatomy
● Surfaces
○ Anterior
○ Posterior
● Margins
○ Lateral
○ Medial
● Poles
○ Superior (north)
■ Adrenal gland here
■ Protected by the bony change (ribs fo T12)
○ Inferior (south)
■ Exposed, no bony cage
■ Layers of connective tissue and fat is here to
protect it
● Hilum
○ Where the artery and veins travels into the kidney
○ Where the ureter travels out of the kidney
● Right kidney
○ Usually lower than left kidney
■ To accomodate for the liver
○ Related to liver, duodenum, ascending colon
● Left kidney
○ Related to stomach, spleen, pancreas, jejunum,
descending colon
Relationships of kidneys with other abdominal organs
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Document Summary
State the location of the kidneys within the abdominal cavity and in relation to bony landmarks. Name the connective tissue coverings of the kidney. List the anterior relations of the left and right kidneys. Name the structures of the hilum of the kidney and state their relationship to one another. Describe the anatomical features of the kidney in coronal section. State the arterial supply, venous drainage of the kidneys. Passageway from the bladder to the outside world. Opening in the kidney where all the vessels enters the kidney. Protected by the bony change (ribs fo t12) Layers of connective tissue and fat is here to protect it. Where the artery and veins travels into the kidney. Where the ureter travels out of the kidney. Related to stomach, spleen, pancreas, jejunum, descending colon. Anchors kidney and adrenals in abdomen (holds the kidney in place) Outside of renal capsule and renal fascia.