Anatomy and Cell Biology 3319 Lecture : Anatomy Notes

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At the splitting of the common carotid artery, the internal carotid artery forms the carotid sinus, which is the location of baroreceptors for monitoring blood pressure. The internal carotid artery passes anterior to the transverse processes of the upper 3 cervical vertebrae. It enters the inferior skull through the carotid canal in the petrous portion of the temporal bone. It travels medially and superiorly through the petrous bone to enter the cranial cavity near the foramen lacerum. Once inside the crania cavity, the internal carotid gives off several branches the anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery, and posterior communicating artery. Each anterior cerebral artery anastomoses with its partner on the opposite side through an anterior communicating artery and supplies the medial and superior surfaces of the frontal and parietal lobes. Each middle cerebral artery supplies the lateral parts of the temporal and parietal lobes. The rest of the cerebrum is supplied by the posterior cerebral artery.

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