Anatomy and Cell Biology 4429A Lecture : The Mitochondria

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tanhippopotamus305

22 Dec 2011

School

Western University

Department

Anatomy and Cell Biology

Course

Anatomy and Cell Biology 4429A

Professor

Paul Walton

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Document Summary

The inner mitochondrial membrane separates a proton gradient. The mitochondria uses the proton gradient to allow proteins to move through. The protein is transported into the inner mitochondrial membrane through these two proteins. Proteases will cut off the import receptor when the protein reaches the inner mitochondrial matrix and a matrix hsc70 will allow the protein to fold into it"s proper conformation. Proteins that are made in the cytoplasm must already have a targeting signal because usually, proteins are made in on the rer. Protein forms the alpha helix (remember it does not stay in it"s primary conformation) When the alpha helix roles into it"s conformation, end up with a bunch of amino acids on the same end of the same side of the role - this is the targeting signal. In vitro import assay (done in test tubes) Need two things: purified mitochondria from liver (liver is usually used - big source of cells).

Related Questions

Calculate the proton motive force from the membrane potential and pH gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

1.) Certain complexes of the mitochondrial electron transport chain pump protons. Which of the following BEST describes the movement of protons in this situation?

a.) across the outer mitochondrial membrane, from the cytoplasm to the intermembrane space

b.) across the outer mitochondrial membrane, from the intermembrane space to the cytoplasm

c.) across the inner mitochondrial membrane, from the intermembrane space to the matrix

d.) across the inner mitochondrial membrane, from the matrix to the inter membrane space

2.) Which regulatory mechanism is activated when the overall energy availability of a cell is high?

a.) Citrate inhibits phosphofructokinase-1.

b.) ADP up-regulates phosphofructokinase-1.

c.) ATP inhibits phosphofructokinase-1.

d.) AMP up-regulates phosphofructokinase-1.

3.) Electron carriers are oxidized during which of the following reactions?

a.) glycolysis

b.) citric acid cycle

c.) electron transport chain

d.) the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl coA

e.) all of the above

purpleswan410

1.. Protein X has a single N-terminal ER signal sequence, while protein Y has a single internal ER signal sequence. Which of these two proteins will be found in the ER lumen (Answer "X" or "Y")?

2. Protein A has an N-terminal ER signal sequence and one stop transfer sequence, while Protein B has an internal ER signal sequence and one stop transfer sequence. Which of these two proteins will have two transmembrane domains once its translocation is complete (Answer "A" or "B")?

3. What is the difference between an N-terminal ER signal sequence (SS) and an N-terminal mitochondrial SS?

a) the ER SS is an alpha helix, while the mito SS is a beta strand

b) the ER SS is a beta strand, while the mito SS is an alpha helix

c) the ER SS is an amphipathic alpha helix, while the mito SS is a hydrophobic alpha helix

d) the ER SS is a hydrophobic alpha helix, while the mito SS is an amphipathic alpha helix

4. True or False: ER stop transfer sequences and mitochondrial stop transfer sequences have similar characteristics.

5. True or False: Unlike translocation of proteins into mitochondria, translocation of proteins into the ER does not require energy.

scarletdog838

Anatomy and Cell Biology 4429A Lecture : The Mitochondria

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