Anthropology 1026F/G Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Allele, Microevolution, A Aa
21 Apr 2016
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Main units of heredity in cells = chromosomes (coloured bodies) Humans have 46 or 23 pairs (one mother; one father) Chromosomes made up of genes are different loci control physical/biological traits. Genes made up of dna = building blocks of life. Gene control of traits highly complex; some cases many genes in combinations influence trait monogenic (single pair of genes control trait) vs polygenic. Total set of genes in chromosomes of bearer = genotype. Genotype (total set of genes) chromosomes genes are various loci (locations) dna (molecule containing genetic doe) and associate proteins. Are exceptions but most genes are paired one from mother/one from father. Even though in pairs, can be of different forms or specific different variants, eye colour, hair colour, etc. Different forms of gene at same loci on chromosome = alleles. Distinguish genotype (genetic complement) from phenotype (physical complement) = austrian monk gregor mendal (late 1800s) by breeding pea plants.
