Anthropology 1026F/G Lecture 16: Lecture 16
21 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
With spread of agriculture, there was spread of other things (state-level societies): Classification of civilization (according to d. gordon child) Eg: monumental public works and art work temples, defensive structures, etc . Eg: writing (need to maintain records for laws and book-keeping), mathematics, science, etc . Political society: strong centralized gov"t run by professional rulers a. ii. Codified set of rules/laws with systems of enforcement: police, army, courts, etc a. iii. Membership based on territorials control rather than solely kinship. Problem with civilization criteria: certain societies all regard as civilization lack 1+ characteristics. Eg: minoan and mycenaen no read urban centres. Eg: inkas no writing: ambiguity as no clear demarcation/boundary of some traits. Recent researchers (henry t. wright) distinguish based on: state organization and use of explicit demarcation criteria. States simply complex, centralized organizations making decision on behalf of citizens. Chiefdoms/ranked societies also have centralized administrative control but:
