Anthropology 2235A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Subtypes Of Hiv, Yokohama Rubber Company, Haplotype
3 Nov 2015
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1: realized mtdna was present in 1970s, human mitochondrial genome fully sequenced in 1981. Is about 0. 1% of all human dna: two main regions of genome used in forensic work, d-loop (displacement loop) or hypervariable region containing hv1 and hv2, coding region. Restriction enzymes defining haplo groups for ethnic studies. Mutations do not affect the way mitochondrion works, can track these mutations to specific people. Direct sequencing of hv1 and hv2: genome is divided into coding & non coding regions, d-loop region contains hv1 and hv2 = high mutation rates, advantages of mtdna, high copy number/cell. Dependent on the metabolic needs of the cell (muscle cell requires more than a bone cell) Vs nuclear dna (only 2 copies of chromosome/cell) to perform analysis, you have one try. Easier to obtain results on degraded tissue (bone, teeth) Hair shaft = only mtdna (no nuclear dna at all)
