Anthropology 2235A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Null Allele, Product Rule, Population Genetics

• School: Western University
• Department: Anthropology
• Course: Anthropology 2235A/B
• Professor: Eldon Molto

Document Summary

Lecture 12 dna in forensic science: cytogenetics. Cytogenetics: cyto = cell, cytogenetics refers to the study of genetic mechanisms that operate within the cell. In a human cell there are 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus. In the cytoplasm another hereditary structure exists called the mitochondrion: both chromosomes and the mitochondria are made of dna. Dna in the nucleus is called nuclear dna: because all the mtdna is the same often called the 47th chromosome. 23 by a cell division process called meiosis: the y- chromosome is smaller and has fewer genes (called exons) Medel"s laws: 1865: austrian cleric gregor mendel publishes the 2 key laws of genetics, law 1: segregation. States that a simple genetic trait is determined by a pair of separate factors (now called alleles) One inherited from each parents intact from generation to generation factors do not blend: law 2: independent assortment.