Biochemistry 2280A Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Sumo Protein, Covalent Bond, Protein Folding
22 Oct 2018
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Biochemistry lecture 5/6 september 19/21, 2018. Topic 4 protein function and enzymes: types of proteins and function. Approximately 30,000 genes in the human genome but there are way more proteins due to alternative gene splicing, variants, and post-translational modifications. Detects signals and transmits them to the cell. Binds to dna to switch genes on or off. Phosphorylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, sumoylation alters stability or signaling. Glycosylation affects protein folding, secretion, solubility, binding to other biomolecules. It takes a phosphate from atp and adds it to one of the three amino acids that has a hydroxyl group on it (serine, threonine, and tyrosine) Phosphate group adds on to the oxygen. This reaction is reversible (a phosphase can remove the phosphate) All these side chains are polar and uncharged, so adding a large negatively charged phosphate group will allow the amino acid to become ionizable. You add 2 negative charges when you add the phosphate.
