Biology 2581B Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Foxtail Millet, Polytene Chromosome, Homologous Chromosome
23 Mar 2017
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Different mutations can occur on small scale and large scale. Before we had genome sequences, people analyzed genes from different organisms, tried to figure out the sequences, the associated functions and compared these things between different organisms. Mouse vs. human genome: at the sequence level many similarities (close related, genes with similar sequences and similar functions, they are closely related- find the same type of genes or similar genes in both. Did stains of whole genomes: used different dyes, dyes intercalate with chromosome making banding pattern - karyotype. A lot of differences chromosome number. Can identify similar pattern of the isolated chromosomes. Similar: both have x chromosome and y chromosome. Each mouse chromosome could be (cid:498)pieced(cid:499) together from different human chromosomes. Identify of gene: order of genes, orientation of transcription. After both genomes were sequenced and compared, it was obvious why there was this discrepancy.
