Biology 2581B Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Intron, Buddhist Philosophy, Selfish Dna
22 Apr 2017
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What do we talk about when we talk about genome evolution: differences in genome architecture: size, structure, content, modifications. Think about genome evolution at a molecular level: the level at which mutations occur in genes. The only way to get different genome architecture is through mutation: different levels of mutations: type, context, frequency, bias, type. Deletion, insertion, large insertions/deletions, duplications, rearrangements, fragmentation, fusion, conversion (one sequence basically. Includes point mutations: t-a site changes to c-g site copies itself onto another sequence: large insertions can occur through hgt, mobile elements, endosymbiotic gene transfer. Often you get a system where you have many point mutations, and very few fragmentation events, or vice versa: bias. One type of point mutation could be more frequent than another type mutational spectrum. Mutations are a reflection of the environment the cell lives in. The actual cellular machinery that we have could alter genomes as well.
