Biology 2581B Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Depurination, Dna Repair, Endonuclease
24 Feb 2014
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What is a mutation: types of mutations, spontaneous vs. induced mutations, forms of dna repair, mutations are heritable changes in dna base sequences, mutation phenotype. The change can be inherited: altered appearance, altered growth conditions, altered behaviour, altered molecules. It depends: most mutations do not have any effect, can cause neutral changes. But this could depend on the conditions you use to observe. Dna base: transitions purine to purine. 2 gc to at, at to gc: transversions purine to pyrimidine, pyrimidine to purine. 4 gc to ta, gc to cg, at to cg, at to ta. Insertions addition of one or more nucleotide pairs: deletions elimination of one or more nucleotide pairs. Inversions 180 degree rotations of a segment of a dna molecule. Translocation parts of two non-homologous chromosomes change places. Large changes affecting chromosomes or parts of chromosomes chromosome rearrangements: duplication, deletion, insertion, inversion, translocation, reciprocal translocation, genome duplication. Spontaneous mutations occur at a very low rate.
