Biology 2581B Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Human Genome Project, Shotgun Sequencing, Reference Genome
21 Mar 2020
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Controlled mating not possible (ie. can"t put 2 organisms together & force mating) Even larger families (10 -15 children) don"t provide statistically significant #s. Complex disorders can have diff genetic/environment contributions (confounding variables) Goal: complete reference genome (haploid) ie. most common nucleotide @ each location. Approximate size of genome: ~3 b pairs (haploid) Seq of some genes & genomic regions. 2001: 2 drafts of human genome published. Provide rough approximation of gene locations relative to known genes. Individuals of known genotypes crossed frequency of recombination b/w loci determined by progeny. Loci are on different chromosomes or far apart on same one. Loci close together on same chromosome (proximity makes recombination hard) Rate of recombination proportional to physical distance. Provide higher resolution & accurate gene locations w/ actual distances. Restriction mapping produces dna fragments separation by gel electrophoresis reveals # of sites & distances. Multiple restriction enzymes = overlapping fragments that are pieced together.
