Biology 2581B Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: House Mouse, Brachyury, Ethyl Group
15 Mar 2015
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Nude mice: heterozygotes short tail and vertebrae, homozygous lethal, lack thymus cannot generate t lymphocytes inadequate immune responses, elegans. Dumpy short and long bodies: seeds are 1 mm in size, dump ems solution on seeds, rinse and plate, screen individuals for morphological mutants. Ems ethyl methanesulfonate: mutagen, ethyl group is transferred to o6 carbon of guanine. Transition mutation: g:c a:t, point mutation, base pair substitution, soluble easily taken up by cells. Identify mutants with same phenotype mutation is in one gene or two: cross homozygous mutants. If f1 = some normal complementation two genes: screen mutants, for morphological phenotypes, biochemical mutants (assays, developmental mutants, mutants with different behavior patterns, mutants reacting to environment differently, use pcr to identify surrounding genome. Problems: need other mutations in biochemical pathways, timing etc, random mutations, no selection, often more than one mutation per mutant, hard to track can occur anywhere in genome, multiple transposons can jump into genome.
